Java Real Time Interview Questions Selenium WebDriver

Automation Framework-Modular,DataDriven,Keyword,Hybrid

total-qa July 12, 2018 No Comments

Refer to the below Links for Practise

Collections in Java
Complete List of Selenium Basics
50 Real Time Interview Questions
Real Time Scenario’s
Java Platform Standard Edition 8 Documentation
Complete List of Java Basics
Java Quiz
Java OOPS Quiz
Selenium Advanced Quiz
Selenium Quiz
Selenium WebDriver Resume

Automation Frameworks are mainly useful to reduce the test effort and maintenance costs. Also these frameworks are set of rules and guidelines used for automating the Test cases. This tutorial gives an overview of all the Automation frameworks for the QA professionals interested to switch to Automation Testing.

Modular Framework:
Modular Framework is the approach where all the test cases are first analyzed to find out the reusable flows. Then while scripting, all these reusable flows are created as functions and stored in external files and called in the test scripts wherever required.
Advantages:
Modular division of scripts leads to easier maintenance and also the scalability of the automated test Scripts are independent to write.
Disadvantages:
Since data is still hardcoded in the script, the same test case cannot be run for multiple data values without changing data after each run.
Additional time is spent in analyzing the test cases to identify with reusable flows.
Good programming knowledge is required to create and maintain function libraries.

Automation Frameworks

Datadriven framework:
Example: DataDriven Fwk using Data Provider
In Data Driven Framework, the data is NOT hard-coded in the test scripts. Instead, it is stored in some external files. The test script first connects to the external data source and then extracts the data from that source.
Advantages
Since the data is kept separate from the test script, the same script can be run multiple times for different sets of data (which can be kept in multiple rows in the data sheet).
Changes made in the test data don’t affect the test scripts in any way and vice versa.
Disadvantages
Additional effort and good technical expertise is required to create functions that connect to the external data sources to retrieve the data.

Keyword framework:
In Keyword Driven framework, you can create various keywords and associate function with each of these keywords. Then you create a Function Library that contains the logic to read the keywords and call the associated action.
Advantages
The keyword and function libraries are completely generic and thus can be reused easily for different applications
All the complexity is added in the function libraries. Once the libraries are ready, it becomes very easy to write the actual test script steps in excel sheets.
Disadvantages
Lot of time and effort needs to be spent initially to create the function libraries.
The benefits of the keyword driven framework are realized only after it has been used for longer periods of time.
Very high programming skills are needed to create the complex keyword library functions.

Hybrid framework:
Hybrid Framework is a framework that is created by combining different features of any of the frameworks mentioned above. Based upon your requirements, you can combine the features of any of the above frameworks to come up with your own version of Hybrid Framework.
Advantages
The main advantage of this approach is that you can use the best features from all the types of frameworks to create your own.
Disadvantages
The framework is highly complex and needs very good programming expertise and experience to build a Hybrid Framework from scratch.

Usage of TestNG Listeners-Types of Listeners

total-qa July 11, 2018 1 Comment

Refer to the below Links for Practise

TestNG Listeners

1. What are Listeners?
• TestNG listeners are set of class exposed into TestNG framework which we can utilize to modify default TestNG’s behavious.
• As the name suggests Listeners “listen” to the event and behave accordingly.
• It allows customizing TestNG reports or logs or to take a screen shot.
• Listeners contains unimplemented methods(blank body and we can customize it)

2. Types of Listeners in TestNG
• IAnnotationTransformer
• IAnnotationTransformer2
• IConfigurable
• IConfigurationListener
• IExecutionListener
• IHookable
• IInvokedMethodListener
• IInvokedMethodListener2
• IMethodInterceptor
• IReporter
• ISuiteListener
• ITestListener

ITestListener
ITestListerner is an interface which implements with TestNG .
We can either extend ‘TestListenerAdapter’ or implement Interface ‘ITestListener’ for test running. For custom listener we extends TestListenerAdapter which implements ITestListener. Hence no need to override all methods of interface.
ITestListener contains below unimplemented methods

OnStart- OnStart method is called when any Test starts. 
onTestSuccess- onTestSuccess method is called on the success of any Test.
onTestFailure- onTestFailure method is called on the failure of any Test.
onTestStart-Invoked each time before a test will be invoked.
onTestSkipped- onTestSkipped method is called on skipped of any Test.
onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage- method is called each time Test fails but is within success percentage.
onFinish- onFinish method is called after all Tests are executed.

OnStart- OnStart method is called when any Test starts.

onTestSuccess- onTestSuccess method is called on the success of any Test.

onTestFailure- onTestFailure method is called on the failure of any Test.

onTestStart-Invoked each time before a test will be invoked.

onTestSkipped- onTestSkipped method is called on skipped of any Test.

onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage- method is called each time Test fails but is within success percentage.

onFinish- onFinish method is called after all Tests are executed.

ISuiteListener

onStart() & onFinish().
Whenever a class implements this listener, TestNG guarantees the end-user that it will invoke the methods onStart() and onFinish() before and after running a TestNG Suite.

1 2	onStart() & onFinish(). Whenever a class implements this listener, TestNG guarantees the end-user that it will invoke the methods onStart() and onFinish() before and after running a TestNG Suite.

IInvokedMethodListener

afterInvocattion() & beforeInvocation()
It makes the call before and after every Method.

1 2	afterInvocattion() & beforeInvocation() It makes the call before and after every Method.

IExecutionListener

onExecutionStart() 
onExecutionFinish()
Method onExecutionStart()  run before the TestNG starts running the suites and onExecutionFinish()  run after TestNG has completed running all the test suites.

onExecutionStart()

onExecutionFinish()

Method onExecutionStart() run before the TestNG starts running the suites and onExecutionFinish() run after TestNG has completed running all the test suites.

Steps to create a TestNG Listener
Step1
• Create a Test class for automation
Step 2
• Create a listener class that implements TestNG listeners
• import org.testng.ITestNGListener
• Add unimplemented methods
• Customize the methods
Step 3
Implement the listeners to the Test class
Method 1: class level
• use listeners annotation
@listeners (packageName.ListenerClassName)
• Execute the Test class. Methods in the Listener class are called automatically according to the behavior of methods annotated as @Test.
Method 2: Multiple classes
• Create a testng.xml and add listeners tag in XML.

  <listeners>
<listener class-name="packageName.ListenerClassName" />
</listeners>

</listeners>

ListenerClass

package totalQA;

import org.testng.ITestContext;
import org.testng.ITestListener;
import org.testng.ITestResult;

public class Listeners implements ITestListener{ 
	
	@Override
	public void onTestStart(ITestResult result) {
		System.out.println("The name of the testcase started is :"+result.getName());	
	}
	@Override
	public void onTestSuccess(ITestResult result) {
		System.out.println("The name of the testcase Pass is :"+result.getName());	
	}
	@Override
	public void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {
		System.out.println("The name of the testcase failed is :"+result.getName());	
	}
	@Override
	public void onTestSkipped(ITestResult result) {
		System.out.println("The name of the testcase skipped is :"+result.getName());	
	}
	@Override
	public void onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage(ITestResult result) {
	}

	@Override
	public void onStart(ITestContext context) {
		}
	@Override
	public void onFinish(ITestContext context) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("The name of the testcase finished is :"+context.getName());	
	}
}

package totalQA;

import org.testng.ITestContext;

import org.testng.ITestListener;

import org.testng.ITestResult;

public class Listeners implements ITestListener{

@Override

public void onTestStart(ITestResult result) {

System.out.println("The name of the testcase started is :"+result.getName());

}

@Override

public void onTestSuccess(ITestResult result) {

System.out.println("The name of the testcase Pass is :"+result.getName());

}

@Override

public void onTestFailure(ITestResult result) {

System.out.println("The name of the testcase failed is :"+result.getName());

}

@Override

public void onTestSkipped(ITestResult result) {

System.out.println("The name of the testcase skipped is :"+result.getName());

}

@Override

public void onTestFailedButWithinSuccessPercentage(ITestResult result) {

}

@Override

public void onStart(ITestContext context) {

}

@Override

public void onFinish(ITestContext context) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

System.out.println("The name of the testcase finished is :"+context.getName());

}

TestClass for Automation

package totalQA;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
@Listeners(totalQA.Listeners.class)
public class login{

	@Parameters({"URL" })
	@Test
	public void login(String url,String uname, String pword) {
		System.getProperty("webdriver.Chrome.driver","chromedriver.exe");
		WebDriver driver;
		driver= new ChromeDriver();
		driver.get(url);
              Assert.assertTrue(false);
		driver.close();
	}
}

package totalQA;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.Parameters;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

@Listeners(totalQA.Listeners.class)

public class login{

@Parameters({"URL" })

@Test

public void login(String url,String uname, String pword) {

System.getProperty("webdriver.Chrome.driver","chromedriver.exe");

WebDriver driver;

driver= new ChromeDriver();

driver.get(url);

Assert.assertTrue(false);

driver.close();

}

TestNg.XML

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Suite">

	<listeners>
		<listener class-name="totalQA.Listeners" />
	</listeners>
 
	<test name="Test Login2 ">
		<parameter name="URL"
		value="http://total-qa.com"></parameter>
		<classes>
			<class name="totalQA.login" />
		</classes>
	</test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">

</listeners>

<parameter name="URL"

value="http://total-qa.com"></parameter>

</classes>

</test>

</suite>

Upload a File in Selenium WebDriver Using Robot Class

total-qa July 10, 2018 1 Comment

Refer to the below Links for Practise

java.awt.Robot class is used to generate native system input events for the purposes of test automation, to perform mouse and keyboard actions.As interacting with windows dialog is a limitation in selenium. So, we need to use either AutoIT or Robot class in Selenium Webdriver to interact the Windows Dialog. In this topic we are discussing about the usage of Robot Class.

Test Scenario
1. Access the website url http://www.indeed.co.in.
2. Click on upload resume link.
3. Implement the Logic using the java.awt.robot to provide the absolute location of the file.

4. Capture the full page of the screenshot by providing the dimensions.

package org.tq.selenium;

import java.awt.AWTException;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.Robot;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class RobotEx {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws AWTException, InterruptedException, IOException {
		
		WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
		driver.get("http://www.indeed.co.in");
		
		driver.findElement(By.className("resume-promo-link")).click();
		driver.findElement(By.xpath("//label[contains(text(),'Upload Resume')]")).click();
		
		
		//Store the location of the file in clipboard 
		//Clipboard
		 StringSelection strSel = new StringSelection("C:\\SeleniumResume.doc");
		Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(strSel, null);
		
		//Create an object for robot class
		Robot robot = new Robot();
		//Control key in the keyboard
		//Ctrl+V 
		robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
		robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);
		robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);
		
		Thread.sleep(3000);
		robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
		robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);
		
		 
		Dimension d1 = new Dimension(1200,1800);
		BufferedImage bufImage = robot.createScreenCapture(new Rectangle(d1));
		File f = new File("indeedScreenshot.jpg");
		ImageIO.write(bufImage,"jpg", f);
			
		
	}
}

package org.tq.selenium;

import java.awt.AWTException;

import java.awt.Dimension;

import java.awt.Rectangle;

import java.awt.Robot;

import java.awt.Toolkit;

import java.awt.datatransfer.StringSelection;

import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class RobotEx {

public static void main(String[] args) throws AWTException, InterruptedException, IOException {

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("http://www.indeed.co.in");

driver.findElement(By.className("resume-promo-link")).click();

driver.findElement(By.xpath("//label[contains(text(),'Upload Resume')]")).click();

//Store the location of the file in clipboard

//Clipboard

StringSelection strSel = new StringSelection("C:\\SeleniumResume.doc");

Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getSystemClipboard().setContents(strSel, null);

//Create an object for robot class

Robot robot = new Robot();

//Control key in the keyboard

//Ctrl+V

robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_V);

robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_CONTROL);

Thread.sleep(3000);

robot.keyPress(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);

robot.keyRelease(KeyEvent.VK_ENTER);

Dimension d1 = new Dimension(1200,1800);

BufferedImage bufImage = robot.createScreenCapture(new Rectangle(d1));

File f = new File("indeedScreenshot.jpg");

ImageIO.write(bufImage,"jpg", f);

}

Reading and Writing data to excel file using Apache POI

total-qa June 27, 2018 No Comments

Refer to the below Links for Practise

What is Apache POI?
Apache POI is a popular API that allows programmers to create, modify, and display MS Office files using Java programs. It is an open source library developed and distributed by Apache Software Foundation to design or modify Microsoft Office files using Java program. It contains classes and methods to decode the user input data or a file into MS Office documents.

• HSSF (Horrible Spreadsheet Format) : It is used to read and write xls format of MS-Excel files.
• XSSF (XML Spreadsheet Format) : It is used for xlsx file format of MS-Excel.

Step 1 Download the apache poi jar file as below
Access the below link for Downloading the Apache POI.
http://poi.apache.org/download.html

Step 2Click on the Latest Binary Distribution zip file to download.

Apache POI[Poor Obfuscation Implementation File System]

Latest Binary of Apache POI for Reading XLSX

Step 3 Add the Highlighted Jars to the project build path.

Apache POI Jars are added to the build path.

ooxml-lib jars added to the project

Program: Reading xlsx using Apache POI (“Poor Obfuscation Implementation”)

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Iterator;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;

public class ReadExcelHSSF {
 public static void main(String[] args) {
  try {
   FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("inputData.xls");

   HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);

   HSSFSheet worksheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
   
   System.out.println(worksheet.getRow(0).getCell(0).getStringCellValue());

   Iterator<Row> ite = worksheet.rowIterator();
   
   while(ite.hasNext())
   {
    Row row =  ite.next();

    Iterator<Cell> cellIterator = row.cellIterator();

    while (cellIterator.hasNext())
    {
     Cell cell = cellIterator.next();
     //Check the cell type and format accordingly
     switch (cell.getCellType())
     {
     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
      System.out.print(cell.getNumericCellValue());
      break;
     case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
      System.out.print(cell.getStringCellValue()+"--");
      break;
     }
    }
    System.out.println();
   }
  } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

}

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.Iterator;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;

public class ReadExcelHSSF {

public static void main(String[] args) {

try {

FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("inputData.xls");

HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis);

HSSFSheet worksheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);

System.out.println(worksheet.getRow(0).getCell(0).getStringCellValue());

Iterator<Row> ite = worksheet.rowIterator();

while(ite.hasNext())

{

Row row = ite.next();

Iterator<Cell> cellIterator = row.cellIterator();

while (cellIterator.hasNext())

{

Cell cell = cellIterator.next();

//Check the cell type and format accordingly

switch (cell.getCellType())

{

case Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:

System.out.print(cell.getNumericCellValue());

break;

case Cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:

System.out.print(cell.getStringCellValue()+"--");

break;

}

System.out.println();

}

} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

Utility Methods-loadXLSX(),writeCellData()

//Loading the Excel file before reading the Data
public static void loadXLSX() throws IOException
{
                   
		ExcelFileToRead = new FileInputStream(file);
              //Fetch the workbook stored in the Excel file
		excelWBook = new XSSFWorkbook(ExcelFileToRead);
              

}
//Writing Data to the Cell into specified row and column
public static void writeCellData(int rowNum, int colNum,String content,String sheetName) throws Exception{

     fos=new FileOutputStream(file);
     System.out.println("Writing the Data to the Excel in rownum:" + rowNum +"::colNum:: "+colNum+"::content::" + content );
    cell = excelWBook.getSheet(sheetName).getRow(rowNum).createCell(colNum);
    cell.setCellType(cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
    cell.setCellValue(content);
    excelWBook.write(fos);
    fos.close();

}

//Loading the Excel file before reading the Data

public static void loadXLSX() throws IOException

{

ExcelFileToRead = new FileInputStream(file);

//Fetch the workbook stored in the Excel file

excelWBook = new XSSFWorkbook(ExcelFileToRead);

}

//Writing Data to the Cell into specified row and column

public static void writeCellData(int rowNum, int colNum,String content,String sheetName) throws Exception{

fos=new FileOutputStream(file);

System.out.println("Writing the Data to the Excel in rownum:" + rowNum +"::colNum:: "+colNum+"::content::" + content );

cell = excelWBook.getSheet(sheetName).getRow(rowNum).createCell(colNum);

cell.setCellType(cell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);

cell.setCellValue(content);

excelWBook.write(fos);

fos.close();

}

Program: Reading xls using Apache POI (“Poor Obfuscation Implementation”)

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;
public class ReadExcelPoi {

 public static void main() throws InvalidFormatException, FileNotFoundException, IOException{

  Workbook wb=WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream(new File("inputData.xlsx")));

  Sheet sh1=wb.getSheetAt(0);

  int rows=sh1.getLastRowNum();

  for(int i=0;i<rows+1;i++){

   String data1=sh1.getRow(i).getCell(0).getStringCellValue();
   String data2=sh1.getRow(i).getCell(1).getStringCellValue();

   System.out.println("Data from First column and from row "+i+" is "+data1);
   System.out.println("Data from Second column and from row "+i+" is "+data2);
   System.out.println("===========================================");
  }

 }
}

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileInputStream;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.WorkbookFactory;

public class ReadExcelPoi {

public static void main() throws InvalidFormatException, FileNotFoundException, IOException{

Workbook wb=WorkbookFactory.create(new FileInputStream(new File("inputData.xlsx")));

Sheet sh1=wb.getSheetAt(0);

int rows=sh1.getLastRowNum();

for(int i=0;i<rows+1;i++){

String data1=sh1.getRow(i).getCell(0).getStringCellValue();

String data2=sh1.getRow(i).getCell(1).getStringCellValue();

System.out.println("Data from First column and from row "+i+" is "+data1);

System.out.println("Data from Second column and from row "+i+" is "+data2);

System.out.println("===========================================");

}

JavaScript Executor in Selenium WebDriver

total-qa June 26, 2018 No Comments

Refer to the below Links for Practise

Javascript Executor

JavascriptExecutor is an interface available in the package org.openqa.selenium.
This interface is implemented by classes ChromeDriver, EdgeDriver, EventFiringWebDriver,
FirefoxDriver, InternetExplorerDriver, OperaDriver, RemoteWebDriver, SafariDriver

1. Executes JavaScript in the context of the currently selected frame or window.
2. The script fragment provided will be executed as the body of an anonymous function.
3. Within the script, use document to refer to the current document.
4. To interact with Highcharts: Interactive JavaScript charts for your webpage,
JavascriptExecutor will be helpful.
Reference Link->https://www.highcharts.com/

JavascriptExecutor Program:

package org.totalqa.selenium;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class JavascriptEx {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		
		WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
		driver.get("https://www.highcharts.com/");
		
		JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
		//Fetching the title of the webpage
		String title = (String) jse.executeScript("return document.title");
		System.out.println("Title::" + title);
		
		//Verify the ReadyState of the Webpage
		String readyState = (String)jse.executeScript("return document.readyState");
			System.out.println("readyState::" + readyState);
		
		//Scroll 
		jse.executeScript("scroll(400,600)");
		Thread.sleep(5000);
		String value = (String) jse.executeScript("return document.getElementsByClassName('highcharts-point highcharts-color-1')[0].getAttribute('d')");
		System.out.println("The values plotted in the chart::"+ value);
		
		//Scroll to the Element View
		jse.executeScript("document.getElementById('hc-item').scrollIntoView('true')");
		
		WebElement e1 = driver.findElement(By.id("hc-item"));
		jse.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true)", e1);
		
		 
		WebElement e2= driver.findElement(By.id("hs-item"));
		//Multiple Elements are focused into view
		jse.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);arguments[1].scrollIntoView(true)",e1,e2);
	
	}
}

package org.totalqa.selenium;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.JavascriptExecutor;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;

import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;

public class JavascriptEx {

public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {

WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();

driver.get("https://www.highcharts.com/");

JavascriptExecutor jse = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;

//Fetching the title of the webpage

String title = (String) jse.executeScript("return document.title");

System.out.println("Title::" + title);

//Verify the ReadyState of the Webpage

String readyState = (String)jse.executeScript("return document.readyState");

System.out.println("readyState::" + readyState);

//Scroll

jse.executeScript("scroll(400,600)");

Thread.sleep(5000);

String value = (String) jse.executeScript("return document.getElementsByClassName('highcharts-point highcharts-color-1')[0].getAttribute('d')");

System.out.println("The values plotted in the chart::"+ value);

//Scroll to the Element View

jse.executeScript("document.getElementById('hc-item').scrollIntoView('true')");

WebElement e1 = driver.findElement(By.id("hc-item"));

jse.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true)", e1);

WebElement e2= driver.findElement(By.id("hs-item"));

//Multiple Elements are focused into view

jse.executeScript("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);arguments[1].scrollIntoView(true)",e1,e2);

}

Console Output:

Title::Interactive JavaScript charts for your webpage | Highcharts
readyState::complete
The values plotted in the chart::M 17 213 A 4 4 0 1 1 16.99999800000017 212.99600000066667 Z

Title::Interactive JavaScript charts for your webpage | Highcharts

readyState::complete

The values plotted in the chart::M 17 213 A 4 4 0 1 1 16.99999800000017 212.99600000066667 Z

static-keyword-in-java

total-qa June 25, 2018 No Comments

Refer to the below Links for Practise

Static Keyword:

1. The static keyword is applicable for the Class Members.
2. The static Class Members are accessed using Class Name.
3. Non static members are accessed using through reference variable or object.
4. The static members are loaded once into the memory for program execution.
5. The static members are shared across the objects.
6. Non-static & Static Class Members are inherited to the subclass

Static Program:

Static Example
Java

package org.totalqa.java; public class Student { int rollno=1; char section='A'; static String schoolName="ABC"; public static void main(String[] args) { Student s1 = new Student(); s1.rollno=2; s1.section='B'; System.out.println(s1.rollno); System.out.println(s1.section); Student s2= new Student(); System.out.println(s2.rollno); System.out.println(s2.section); System.out.println(Student.schoolName); //Can we call static class members using objects?? Yes System.out.println(s1.schoolName); s1.schoolName="DEF"; System.out.println(s2.schoolName); //can we call non-static using ClassName?? No //System.out.println(Student.rollno); } }

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package org.totalqa.java;

public class Student {
int rollno=1;
char section='A';
static String schoolName="ABC";
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Student s1 = new Student();
s1.rollno=2;
s1.section='B';
System.out.println(s1.rollno);
System.out.println(s1.section);

Student s2= new Student();
System.out.println(s2.rollno);
System.out.println(s2.section);
System.out.println(Student.schoolName);

//Can we call static class members using objects?? Yes
System.out.println(s1.schoolName);

s1.schoolName="DEF";
System.out.println(s2.schoolName);

//can we call non-static using ClassName?? No
//System.out.println(Student.rollno);
}
}

Output:

2
B
1
A
ABC
ABC
DEF

Java Collections-List,Set,Map,Queue,Iterator,Generics

total-qa June 24, 2018 5 Comments

An overview of java-Collections-List,Set,Map,Queue Interface are explained in this post. For complete understanding please refer to Sun Certified Programmer for Java 6 Study Guide available in the scribd.com.
Please click on this Ebook Link->Kathy-sierra-PDFBooks

Refer to the below Links for Practise

Selenium Wiki
Complete List of Selenium Basics
50 Real Time Interview Questions
Real Time Scenario’s
Java Platform Standard Edition 8 Documentation
Complete List of Java Basics
Java Quiz
Java OOPS Quiz
Selenium Advanced Quiz
Selenium Quiz
Selenium WebDriver Resume

In Collection Framework they are mainly 4 interfaces which mentioned as follows:

List,Set,Map,Queue

List:

List Interface

List is a type of Collection useful to store duplicate objects. In List elements are stored in index based. List allows null value. ArrayList,Vector and LinkedList are the classes implementing the List interface.

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List is a type of Collection useful to store duplicate objects.
In List elements are stored in index based.
List allows null value.
ArrayList,Vector and LinkedList are the classes implementing the List interface.

List Example:

List-ArrayList Example
Java

package org.totalqa.collections; import java.util.ArrayList; public class ListExample { public static void main(String[] args) { ArrayList aList = new ArrayList(); aList.add("test"); aList.add(123); aList.add(null); aList.add(55.22); System.out.println("Size of the list " + aList.size()); for(int i=0;i<aList.size();i++) { System.out.println("Element at index "+ i + " is " + aList.get(i)); } //Printing list of values using Enhanced For loop System.out.println("Printing the List of values using for-each"); for(Object o:aList) { System.out.println("Element is " + o); } } }

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package org.totalqa.collections;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class ListExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
ArrayList aList = new ArrayList();
aList.add("test");
aList.add(123);
aList.add(null);
aList.add(55.22);
System.out.println("Size of the list " + aList.size());

for(int i=0;i<aList.size();i++)
{
System.out.println("Element at index "+ i + " is " + aList.get(i));
}
//Printing list of values using Enhanced For loop
System.out.println("Printing the List of values using for-each");
for(Object o:aList)
{
System.out.println("Element is " + o);
}

}
}

List Console Output:

Console Output

Size of the list 4 Element at index 0 is test Element at index 1 is 123 Element at index 2 is null Element at index 3 is 55.22 Printing the List of values using for-each Element is test Element is 123 Element is null Element is 55.22

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Size of the list 4
Element at index 0 is test
Element at index 1 is 123
Element at index 2 is null
Element at index 3 is 55.22
Printing the List of values using for-each
Element is test
Element is 123
Element is null
Element is 55.22

Set Interface:

Set Interface

Set is type of Collection useful to store unique objects Set Elements are stored without indexing. Set does not allow duplicate elements. Set allows null values.

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Set is type of Collection useful to store unique objects
Set Elements are stored without indexing.
Set does not allow duplicate elements.
Set allows null values.

Set Example:

Set-HashSet Example
Java

package org.totalqa.collections; import java.util.HashSet; public class SetExample { public static void main(String[] args) { HashSet hSet = new HashSet(); hSet.add("test"); hSet.add(123); hSet.add(null); hSet.add(55.22); System.out.println("Size of the list " + hSet.size()); //Printing list of values using Enhanced For loop System.out.println("Printing the List of values using for-each"); for(Object o:hSet) { System.out.println("Element is " + o); } } }

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package org.totalqa.collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
public class SetExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
HashSet hSet = new HashSet();
hSet.add("test");
hSet.add(123);
hSet.add(null);
hSet.add(55.22);
System.out.println("Size of the list " + hSet.size());

//Printing list of values using Enhanced For loop
System.out.println("Printing the List of values using for-each");
for(Object o:hSet)
{
System.out.println("Element is " + o);
}

}
}

Set Console Output:

Set-HashSet Console Output
Java

Size of the Set 4 Printing the Set of values using for-each Element is null Element is test Element is 123 Element is 55.22

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Size of the Set 4
Printing the Set of values using for-each
Element is null
Element is test
Element is 123
Element is 55.22

Queue Interface:

Queue Interface

Queue is type of collection allows duplicate Objects. Queue Elements are stored without index Queue implements FIFO(Fist In First Out) Queue does not allow null values PriorityQueue is a Class implementing the Queue Interface PriorityQueue is autosorted. poll() method in queue removes the head element and the queue size reduced by 1

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Queue is type of collection allows duplicate Objects.
Queue Elements are stored without index
Queue implements FIFO(Fist In First Out)
Queue does not allow null values
PriorityQueue is a Class implementing the Queue Interface
PriorityQueue is autosorted.
poll() method in queue removes the head element and the queue size reduced by 1

Queue Example:

Queue-PriorityQueue Example
Java

package org.totalqa.collections; import java.util.PriorityQueue; public class QueueExample { public static void main(String[] args) { PriorityQueue pQueue = new PriorityQueue(); pQueue.add(123); pQueue.add(46); pQueue.add(78); pQueue.add(99); System.out.println("Size of the Queue " + pQueue.size()); System.out.println("Queue Elements" + pQueue); System.out.println("First Element in the Queue"+pQueue.poll()); System.out.println("Size of the Queue " + pQueue.size()); System.out.println("First Element in the Queue"+pQueue.poll()); System.out.println("Size of the Queue " + pQueue.size()); } }

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package org.totalqa.collections;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
public class QueueExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
PriorityQueue pQueue = new PriorityQueue();
pQueue.add(123);
pQueue.add(46);
pQueue.add(78);
pQueue.add(99);
System.out.println("Size of the Queue " + pQueue.size());
System.out.println("Queue Elements" + pQueue);
System.out.println("First Element in the Queue"+pQueue.poll());
System.out.println("Size of the Queue " + pQueue.size());
System.out.println("First Element in the Queue"+pQueue.poll());
System.out.println("Size of the Queue " + pQueue.size());
}
}

Queue Console Output:

Queue-PriorityQueue Example
Java

Size of the Queue 4 Queue Elements[46, 99, 78, 123] First Element in the Queue46 Size of the Queue 3 First Element in the Queue78 Size of the Queue 2

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Size of the Queue 4
Queue Elements[46, 99, 78, 123]
First Element in the Queue46
Size of the Queue 3
First Element in the Queue78
Size of the Queue 2

Map Interface:

MapInterface

Map is type of collection allows key-value pair. In Map, Key is Object type and it is unique. In Map, Value is referenced using Key. Map is not related to Collection Interface.

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Map is type of collection allows key-value pair.
In Map, Key is Object type and it is unique.
In Map, Value is referenced using Key.
Map is not related to Collection Interface.

Map Example:

Map Example
Java

package org.totalqa.collections; import java.util.HashMap; public class MapExample { public static void main(String[] args) { HashMap hMap = new HashMap(); hMap.put(123,"name1"); hMap.put("key",12.34); hMap.put(null, "123"); System.out.println("Map Elements ::" + hMap); System.out.println("Value is ::" + hMap.get(null)); System.out.println("Keys are ::"+ hMap.keySet()); System.out.println("Values are ::"+ hMap.values()); } }

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package org.totalqa.collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class MapExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {

HashMap hMap = new HashMap();
hMap.put(123,"name1");
hMap.put("key",12.34);
hMap.put(null, "123");
System.out.println("Map Elements ::" + hMap);
System.out.println("Value is     ::" + hMap.get(null));
System.out.println("Keys are     ::"+ hMap.keySet());
System.out.println("Values are   ::"+ hMap.values());

}
}

Iterator Interface:

Iterator Interface
Java

Collection API provides an iterator to Iterate each element of any collection type. Iterator has 3 methods: next():This method iterates to next Element and returns the element. If there is no next Element then NoSuchElementException thrown. hasNext():This method checks whether next element exists or not. If next element is present it returns true otherwise it returns false. remove():This method removes the Element from the Collection. When an Element is removed,the previous element point to the next Element.

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Collection API provides an iterator to Iterate each element of any collection type.
Iterator has 3 methods:
next():This method iterates to next Element and returns the element.
If there is no next Element then NoSuchElementException thrown.
hasNext():This method checks whether next element exists or not.
If next element is present it returns true otherwise it returns false.
remove():This method removes the Element from the Collection.
When an Element is removed,the previous element point to the next Element.

Iterator Example:

Iterator Example
Java

package org.totalqa.collections; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Iterator; public class IteratorExample { public static void main(String[] args) { HashSet hSet = new HashSet(); hSet.add("test"); hSet.add(123); hSet.add(null); hSet.add(55.22); System.out.println("Elements of the Set are " + hSet); Iterator itr = hSet.iterator(); while(itr.hasNext()) { System.out.println("Element is " + itr.next()); } } }

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package org.totalqa.collections;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class IteratorExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
HashSet hSet = new HashSet();
hSet.add("test");
hSet.add(123);
hSet.add(null);
hSet.add(55.22);
System.out.println("Elements of the Set are  " + hSet);
Iterator itr = hSet.iterator();
    while(itr.hasNext())
    {
     System.out.println("Element is " + itr.next());
    }
}
}

Generics

Generics
Java

If all the Elements in the Collection of are of Same Type, then we should use Generics. If a Collection is declared with Generics,we cannot store elements apart from Generic Type.

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If all the Elements in the Collection of are of Same Type,
then we should use Generics.
If a Collection is declared with Generics,we cannot store elements
apart from Generic Type.

Generics Example:

Generics Example
Java

package org.totalqa.collections; import java.util.ArrayList; public class GenericsExample { public static void main(String[] args) { ArrayList<String> aList = new ArrayList<String>(); aList.add("test"); aList.add("test1"); aList.add(null); aList.add("test2"); System.out.println("Size of the list " + aList.size()); for(int i=0;i<aList.size();i++) { System.out.println("Element at index "+ i + " is " + aList.get(i)); } //Printing list of values using Enhanced For loop System.out.println("Printing the List of values using for-each"); for(Object o:aList) { System.out.println("Element is " + o); } } }

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package org.totalqa.collections;
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class GenericsExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
ArrayList<String> aList = new ArrayList<String>();
aList.add("test");
aList.add("test1");
aList.add(null);
aList.add("test2");
System.out.println("Size of the list " + aList.size());
for(int i=0;i<aList.size();i++)
{
System.out.println("Element at index "+ i + " is " + aList.get(i));
}
//Printing list of values using Enhanced For loop
System.out.println("Printing the List of values using for-each");
for(Object o:aList)
{
System.out.println("Element is " + o);
}

}
}

Headless Browser-Selenium,HTMLUnitDriver

total-qa June 21, 2018 1 Comment

Headless Browser-Selenium,HTMLUnitDriver

Refer to the below Links for Practise

HtmlUnit

is a “GUI-Less browser for Java programs”. It has fairly good JavaScript support (which is constantly improving) and is able to work even with quite complex AJAX libraries, simulating Chrome, Firefox or Internet Explorer depending on the configuration used.
It is typically used for testing purposes or to retrieve information from web sites. HtmlUnit is not a generic unit testing framework. It is specifically a way to simulate a browser for testing purposes and is intended to be used within another testing framework such as JUnit or TestNG.

Refer to the document “Getting Started with HtmlUnit” for an introduction.

Selenium WebDriver Example:

1. Add the “htmlunit-driver-xxx-jar” from maven repository using the Download Link.
http://central.maven.org/maven2/net/sourceforge/htmlunit/htmlunit/2.13/htmlunit-2.13.jar
2. Add the downloaded jar to the build path of the project.
3. Execute the below program:

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver;
import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.BrowserVersion;
public class HeadlessBrowser {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(BrowserVersion.CHROME);
		driver.get("https://www.indeed.co.in");
		String title = driver.getTitle();
		System.out.println("Title:"+ title);
	 	//Identify the element using id "what" and clear it
		driver.findElement(By.id("what")).clear();
		driver.findElement(By.id("what")).sendKeys("Selenium");
		//Identify the Element using id "where" and clear it
		driver.findElement(By.id("where")).clear();
		driver.findElement(By.id("where")).sendKeys("Bangalore");
		driver.findElement(By.id("fj")).submit();
	     title = driver.getTitle();
		System.out.println("Title:"+ title);
	}

}

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.openqa.selenium.htmlunit.HtmlUnitDriver;

import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.BrowserVersion;

public class HeadlessBrowser {

public static void main(String[] args) {

HtmlUnitDriver driver = new HtmlUnitDriver(BrowserVersion.CHROME);

driver.get("https://www.indeed.co.in");

String title = driver.getTitle();

System.out.println("Title:"+ title);

//Identify the element using id "what" and clear it

driver.findElement(By.id("what")).clear();

driver.findElement(By.id("what")).sendKeys("Selenium");

//Identify the Element using id "where" and clear it

driver.findElement(By.id("where")).clear();

driver.findElement(By.id("where")).sendKeys("Bangalore");

driver.findElement(By.id("fj")).submit();

title = driver.getTitle();

System.out.println("Title:"+ title);

}

Console Ouput:

Title:Job Search India | Indeed
Title:Selenium Jobs in Bengaluru, Karnataka – June 2018 | Indeed.co.in

Exceptions-Selenium Exceptions,Java Exceptions,Exception Handling

total-qa June 20, 2018 1 Comment

Hands-on with different exceptions in Selenium and Java. Please go through the different scenario’s of Exceptions with Programs,Exceptions and Solution.

Refer to the below Links for Practise

Run-Time Exception: org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException

public class Facebook { public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "geckodriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://www.facebook.com"); String value = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//span[text()='Create an account'")).getText(); System.out.println(value); } }

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public class Facebook {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
String value = driver.findElement(By.xpath("//span[text()='Create an account'")).getText();
System.out.println(value);
}
}

Console Output:

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException: Given xpath expression "//span[text()='Create an account'" is invalid: SyntaxError: The expression is not a legal expression. at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:311) at Facebook.main(Facebook.java:12)

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Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.InvalidSelectorException:
Given xpath expression "//span[text()='Create an account'" is invalid:
SyntaxError: The expression is not a legal expression.
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:311)
at Facebook.main(Facebook.java:12)

Solution:

This exception is occurred due to the syntax error in Xpath. Update the Xpath mentioned below: //span[text()=’Create an acount’”]

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This exception is occurred due to the syntax error in Xpath.
Update the Xpath mentioned below:
//span[text()=’Create an acount’”]

Run-Time Exception: org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException Indicates that a reference to an element is now “stale” — the element no longer appears on the DOM of the page.

public class Facebook { public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "geckodriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://www.facebook.com"); List<WebElement>inputList=driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@type='text']")); System.out.println("Number of input Elements:" + inputList.size()); driver.navigate().refresh();//Refresh the Page inputList.get(0).sendKeys("Fname"); } }

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public class Facebook {
public static void main(String[] args) {
  System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "geckodriver.exe");
  WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver();
  driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
List<WebElement>inputList=driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@type='text']"));
       System.out.println("Number of input Elements:" + inputList.size());
driver.navigate().refresh();//Refresh the Page
inputList.get(0).sendKeys("Fname");
}
}

Console Output:

Number of input Elements:5 Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException: The element reference of <input id="u_0_j" class="inputtext _58mg _5dba _2ph-" name="firstname" type="text"> is stale; either the element is no longer attached to the DOM, it is not in the current frame context, or the document has been refreshed

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Number of input Elements:5

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.StaleElementReferenceException:
The element reference of <input id="u_0_j" class="inputtext _58mg _5dba _2ph-" name="firstname" type="text">
is stale; either the element is no longer attached to the DOM,
it is not in the current frame context, or the document has been refreshed

Solution:

In Selenium when the page is getting refreshed, the existing elements in the DOM removed and new elements are added. All the refernces to the previous elements are lost. We should try to find again once the refresh is done. driver.navigate().refresh(); inputList = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@type='text']")); inputList.get(0).sendKeys("Fname");

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In Selenium when the page is getting refreshed, the existing
elements in the DOM removed and new elements are added.
All the refernces to the previous elements are lost. We
should try to find again once the refresh is done.

driver.navigate().refresh();
inputList = driver.findElements(By.xpath("//input[@type='text']"));
inputList.get(0).sendKeys("Fname");

Run-Time Exception: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException

public class Facebook { public static void main(String[] args) { System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "geckodriver.exe"); WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://www.facebook.com"); driver.findElement(By.id("invalid element id")).sendKeys("Selenium"); } }

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public class Facebook {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.setProperty("webdriver.gecko.driver", "geckodriver.exe");
WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
driver.findElement(By.id("invalid element id")).sendKeys("Selenium");
}
}

Console Output:

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Unable to locate element: #invalidid org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:311) at Facebook.main(Facebook.java:15)

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Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException:
Unable to locate element: #invalidid
org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:311)
at Facebook.main(Facebook.java:15)

Solution:

Provide the property value which is valid. driver.findElement(By.id(“<valid element id>”)).sendKeys(“Selenium”);

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Provide the property value which is valid.
driver.findElement(By.id(“<valid element id>”)).sendKeys(“Selenium”);

Run-Time Exception:org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotInteractableException

public class Facebook { public static void main(String[] args) { WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://www.facebook.com"); driver.findElement(By.tagName("input")).sendKeys("total-qa"); } }

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public class Facebook {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = newFirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
driver.findElement(By.tagName("input")).sendKeys("total-qa");
}
}

Console Output:

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotInteractableException: Element <input name="lsd" type="hidden"> is not reachable by keyboard

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Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.ElementNotInteractableException:
Element <input name="lsd" type="hidden"> is not reachable by keyboard

Solution:

The first input element available in the Facebook is hidden. So, interacting with an hidden element throws the “ElementnotInteractableException”. <input type=”hidden” />

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The first input element available in the Facebook is hidden. So,
interacting with an hidden element throws the “ElementnotInteractableException”.
<input type=”hidden” />

Run-Time Exception:org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; public class Facebook { public static void main(String[] args) { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://www.facebook.com"); driver.close();//Closing the browser String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.println("Title of the page::" + title); } }

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import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
public class Facebook {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
driver.close();//Closing the browser
String title = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println("Title of the page::" + title);
}
}

Console Output:

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException: Tried to run command without establishing a connection Build info: version: '3.11.0', revision: 'e59cfb3', time: '2018-03-11T20:33:08.638Z'

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Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.SessionNotCreatedException:
Tried to run command without establishing a connection
Build info: version: '3.11.0', revision: 'e59cfb3', time: '2018-03-11T20:33:08.638Z'

Solution:

Once the driver is closed, the session will be closed. Invoking any methods using the object returns an SessionNotCreatedException.

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Once the driver is closed, the session will be closed. Invoking any methods
using the object returns an SessionNotCreatedException.

Run-Time Exception:org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchSessionException
Session ID is null. Using WebDriver after calling quit()

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; public class Facebook { public static void main(String[] args) { WebDriverdriver = newFirefoxDriver(); driver.get("http://www.facebook.com"); driver.quit();//Closing the browser String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.println("Title of the page::" + title); } }

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import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
public class Facebook {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriverdriver = newFirefoxDriver();
driver.get("http://www.facebook.com");
driver.quit();//Closing the browser
String title = driver.getTitle();
System.out.println("Title of the page::" + title);
}
}

Console Output:

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchSessionException: Session ID is null. Using WebDriver after calling quit()?

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Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchSessionException:
Session ID is null. Using WebDriver after calling quit()?

Solution:

Once the driver is quit, the session will not be available. Invoking any methods using the object returns an NoSuchSessionException.

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Once the driver is quit, the session will not be available.
Invoking any methods using the object returns an NoSuchSessionException.

Run-Time Exception:org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException
Thrown when a command does not complete in enough time.

import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions; import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait; public class IndeedEx { public static void main(String[] args) { WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.get("https://www.indeed.co.in/"); WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("invalid"))); } }

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import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.firefox.FirefoxDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait;
public class IndeedEx {
public static void main(String[] args) {
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver.get("https://www.indeed.co.in/");
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,30);
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("invalid")));
}
}

Console Output:

Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException: Expected condition failed: waiting for visibility of element located by By.id: invalid (tried for 30 second(s) with 500 milliseconds interval) at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.timeoutException(WebDriverWait.java:81) at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:271)

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Exception in thread "main" org.openqa.selenium.TimeoutException:
Expected condition failed: waiting for visibility of element located by By.id:
invalid (tried for 30 second(s) with 500 milliseconds interval)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.WebDriverWait.timeoutException(WebDriverWait.java:81)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.FluentWait.until(FluentWait.java:271)

Solution:

Make sure the element id passed is valid and able to find with in the Specified time interval.

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Make sure the element id passed is valid and able to find with in the Specified time interval.

Run-Time Exception: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException

org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException: Unable to locate window driver.switchTo().window("invalidName"); Switching to invalid window name returns the exception.

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org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchWindowException: Unable to locate window
driver.switchTo().window("invalidName");
Switching to invalid window name returns the exception.

Run-Time Exception: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchFrameException

org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchFrameException: No frame element found by name or id invalidFrame driver.switchTo().frame("invalidFrameName"); Switching to invalid frame name returns the exception.

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org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchFrameException: No frame element found by name or id invalidFrame
driver.switchTo().frame("invalidFrameName");
Switching to invalid frame name returns the exception.

Cucumber BDD with Selenium WebDriver and Testng Framework

total-qa March 28, 2018 5 Comments

Cucumber BDD with Selenium WebDriver and Testng Framework

Cucumber is a Behavior Driven Development (BDD) testing framework that helps the non technical members of the team can easily understand the scenario’s automating by testers. In Cucumber, the feature files plays very important role that contains plain English text written using gherkin language which is easy to understand. Refer to the Cucumber Basics

Cucumber-BDD using Page Object Model and Testng Framework:

1. Create a Maven Project with name as ‘cucumbermvn’. Refer to the steps->

http://total-qa.com/advanced-selenium/maven/

2. Add the following dependencies and plugins required for Cucumber,Selenium,Testng.
Refer to the dependencies for Cucumber – Java project

https://cucumber.io/docs/reference/jvm#java

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>org.totalqa.cucumber</groupId>
	<artifactId>cucumbermvn</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>cucumbermvn</name>
	<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
	</properties>
	<build>
		<plugins>

			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>2.18.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<forkCount>0</forkCount>
					<suiteXmlFiles>
						<suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>
					</suiteXmlFiles>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
				<version>3.1</version>
				<configuration>
					<fork>true</fork>
					<executable>C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_65\bin\javac.exe</executable>
				</configuration>
			</plugin>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>net.masterthought</groupId>
				<artifactId>maven-cucumber-reporting</artifactId>
				<version>3.15.0</version>
				<executions>
					<execution>
						<id>execute</id>
						<phase>verify</phase>
						<goals>
							<goal>generate</goal>
						</goals>
						<configuration>
							<outputDirectory>target/cucumber-reports/advanced-reports</outputDirectory>
							<cucumberOutput>target/cucumber-reports/CucumberTestReport.json</cucumberOutput>
						</configuration>
					</execution>
				</executions>
			</plugin>


		</plugins>

	</build>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
			<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
			<version>3.11.0</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.testng</groupId>
			<artifactId>testng</artifactId>
			<version>6.8</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
			<artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.5</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
			<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.5</version>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
			<artifactId>cucumber-jvm-deps</artifactId>
			<version>1.0.5</version>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<groupId>org.totalqa.cucumber</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumbermvn</artifactId>

<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

<name>cucumbermvn</name>

<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

</properties>

<build>

<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>

<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>

<suiteXmlFile>testng.xml</suiteXmlFile>

</suiteXmlFiles>

</configuration>

</plugin>

<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>

<executable>C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_65\bin\javac.exe</executable>

</configuration>

</plugin>

<groupId>net.masterthought</groupId>

<artifactId>maven-cucumber-reporting</artifactId>

<id>execute</id>

<phase>verify</phase>

<goals>

<goal>generate</goal>

</goals>

<outputDirectory>target/cucumber-reports/advanced-reports</outputDirectory>

<cucumberOutput>target/cucumber-reports/CucumberTestReport.json</cucumberOutput>

</configuration>

</execution>

</executions>

</plugin>

</plugins>

</build>

<groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>

<artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>

</dependency>

<groupId>org.testng</groupId>

<artifactId>testng</artifactId>

</dependency>

<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>

</dependency>

<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>

</dependency>

<groupId>info.cukes</groupId>

<artifactId>cucumber-jvm-deps</artifactId>

<scope>provided</scope>

</dependency>

</dependencies>

</project>

3. Create a following Directory Structure for the project as mentioned below:

Cucumber – BDD,StepDefs,Selenium,Testng,Page Object Model,Maven

4. Refer to the Functional Tests OpenMRSTests.java as mentioned below:

package org.cucumber.tests;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;
import cucumber.api.testng.CucumberFeatureWrapper;
import cucumber.api.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner;

@CucumberOptions(
		features="src/test/resources/features",
		glue={"org.cucumber.stepdefs"},
		format=
				{"pretty",
				"html:target/cucumber-reports/cucumber-pretty",
				"json:target/cucumber-reports/CucumberTestReport.json",
				"rerun:target/cucumber-reports/re-run.txt"}
		)
public class OpenMRSTests  
{
	public static WebDriver driver;
	private TestNGCucumberRunner testRunner;
	
	@BeforeClass
	public void setUP()
	{
		System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "chromedriver.exe");
		driver = new ChromeDriver();
		testRunner = new TestNGCucumberRunner(OpenMRSTests.class);
		
	}
	@Test(description="login",dataProvider="features")
	public void login(CucumberFeatureWrapper cFeature)
	{
		testRunner.runCucumber(cFeature.getCucumberFeature());
	}
	@DataProvider(name="features")
	public Object[][] getFeatures()
	{
		return testRunner.provideFeatures();
	}
	@AfterClass
	public void tearDown()
	{
		testRunner.finish();
	}
	
	
}

package org.cucumber.tests;

import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;

import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;

import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;

import org.testng.annotations.DataProvider;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import cucumber.api.CucumberOptions;

import cucumber.api.testng.CucumberFeatureWrapper;

import cucumber.api.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner;

@CucumberOptions(

features="src/test/resources/features",

glue={"org.cucumber.stepdefs"},

format=

{"pretty",

"html:target/cucumber-reports/cucumber-pretty",

"json:target/cucumber-reports/CucumberTestReport.json",

"rerun:target/cucumber-reports/re-run.txt"}

)

public class OpenMRSTests

{

public static WebDriver driver;

private TestNGCucumberRunner testRunner;

@BeforeClass

public void setUP()

{

System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "chromedriver.exe");

driver = new ChromeDriver();

testRunner = new TestNGCucumberRunner(OpenMRSTests.class);

}

@Test(description="login",dataProvider="features")

public void login(CucumberFeatureWrapper cFeature)

{

testRunner.runCucumber(cFeature.getCucumberFeature());

}

@DataProvider(name="features")

public Object[][] getFeatures()

{

return testRunner.provideFeatures();

}

@AfterClass

public void tearDown()

{

testRunner.finish();

}

5. Refer to the Step Definitions file LoginPage.java as mentioned below:

package org.cucumber.stepdefs;

 
import org.cucumber.tests.OpenMRSTests;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.testng.Assert;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;
 

public class LoginPage  
{
	@Given("^Open Application and Enter url$")
	public void open_Application_and_Enter_url() throws Throwable {
	  OpenMRSTests.driver.get("https://demo.openmrs.org/openmrs/login.htm");
	  
	}

	@When("^enter username$")
	public void enter_username() throws Throwable {
		OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("Admin");
	}

	@When("^enter password$")
	public void enter_password() throws Throwable {
		OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("Admin123");
		OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("Inpatient Ward")).click();
		OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("loginButton")).click();
	}

	@Then("^verify Msg$")
	public void verify_Msg() throws Throwable {
	   boolean result =  OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.tagName("h4")).getText().contains("Logged");
	   Assert.assertTrue(result);
	}
}

package org.cucumber.stepdefs;

import org.cucumber.tests.OpenMRSTests;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;

import org.testng.Assert;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;

import cucumber.api.java.en.When;

public class LoginPage

{

@Given("^Open Application and Enter url$")

public void open_Application_and_Enter_url() throws Throwable {

OpenMRSTests.driver.get("https://demo.openmrs.org/openmrs/login.htm");

}

@When("^enter username$")

public void enter_username() throws Throwable {

OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("Admin");

}

@When("^enter password$")

public void enter_password() throws Throwable {

OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("Admin123");

OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("Inpatient Ward")).click();

OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.id("loginButton")).click();

}

@Then("^verify Msg$")

public void verify_Msg() throws Throwable {

boolean result = OpenMRSTests.driver.findElement(By.tagName("h4")).getText().contains("Logged");

Assert.assertTrue(result);

}

6. Feature file Login.feature contains the steps to be performed as part of the scenario:



Feature: feature name
Scenario: Authenication
Given Open Application and Enter url
When enter username 
And  enter password
Then verify Msg

Feature: feature name

Scenario: Authenication

Given Open Application and Enter url

When enter username

And enter password

Then verify Msg

7. Refer to the testng.xml file.



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">
<suite name="Suite" verbose="5">
  <test name="Test">
    <classes>
      <class name="org.cucumber.tests.OpenMRSTests"/>
    </classes>
  </test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE suite SYSTEM "http://testng.org/testng-1.0.dtd">

</classes>

</test>

</suite>

8. Execute the following maven command with Goals as verify to generate the Cucumber Reports.

mvn verify

Cucumber Reports,CucumberTestReport.json

Total-QA

Automation Tools

Automation Framework-Modular,DataDriven,Keyword,Hybrid

Usage of TestNG Listeners-Types of Listeners

Upload a File in Selenium WebDriver Using Robot Class

Reading and Writing data to excel file using Apache POI

JavaScript Executor in Selenium WebDriver

Javascript Executor

JavascriptExecutor Program:

Console Output:

static-keyword-in-java

Static Keyword:

Headless Browser-Selenium,HTMLUnitDriver

Headless Browser-Selenium,HTMLUnitDriver

HtmlUnit

Selenium WebDriver Example:

Console Ouput:

Exceptions-Selenium Exceptions,Java Exceptions,Exception Handling

Cucumber BDD with Selenium WebDriver and Testng Framework

Cucumber BDD with Selenium WebDriver and Testng Framework

Cucumber-BDD using Page Object Model and Testng Framework: